Yes, most beers and ciders have a shelf life.
However, this does depend on the type of beer, the alcohol content, amount of hops added and what temperature it is stored at.
Most basic styles of beer are best consumed within a few months of bottling, although, some more complex beers taste better after being in the bottle for 3-6 months and some taste better after years of being in the bottle.
For ciders, you will see a drop in quality, colour and flavour after 9 months from bottling.